As you may well be aware, this has been a pretty hectic week for me, trying to finish all my projects before I leave to go on a well earned holiday.
The main thing on my agenda was the blue anvil redesign I’ve been working on. It all went pretty smoothly, excluding the few set-backs I encountered (see my last blog entry), but all in all it went well and the website was looking fairly nice…in firefox.
Yes, I left the cross browser stuff until last, it would only take an hour or two, right? How wrong was I. This was my day from hell and I have the coffee breath and bad temperament to prove it. With any luck the problems and solutions I used may be
helpful, and save others from a hellish day that I experienced.
Bug #1 – Negative margins
Negative margins have a variety of uses, I love them to bits. Great for overlapping content or escaping a div. This bug wasn’t bad at all, Id experienced it before, and it does make sense why it goes wrong really.
In my case I have a div with padding which my content was being put into. Above the content I wanted to have a strip for the date that was wider then the content itself.
Rather than fiddle with padding, or adding more divs, I went down the negative margin route.
The code
The strip was in a box with a padding of 32px.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 | .date_strip { display:block; padding-left:32px; margin-left:-32px; margin-right:-32px; background-color:#000; } |
The problem
The code works as it should in firefox, but IE cuts off the edges of the strip.
The solution
Simply add the rule:
1 | position:relative; |
Later on in the day (just before I had the urge to put the laptop in the oven and watch it die) I found a second error, this one with Opera 9. Opera 9 would render the left negative margin fine, but cut off the right hand side. To fix this I just added padding to right, as I already did to the left.
1 | padding-right:32px |
Bug conclusion
Difficulty rating: 1/10 Annoyance factor: 1/10
Bug #2 – Form heights
If you look in the sidebar you will see the search form, I had some problems regarding the height of the input box and the height of the submit button.
The code
1 2 3 4 5 6 | #searchbox input { border:1px solid #73B531; background:#fff; display:inline; width:125px } |
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 | #searchbox input.button { text-align:center; padding:0; margin:0; background:#8C4; color:#fff; border:1px solid #692; width:75px !important; margin-left:4px } |
The problem
Firefox renders the button with more height than the input box. This was happening when my input button had a border.
I thought that simply adding one pixel of padding to the input box would solve the problem, and it did, but this made IE render the boxes at different heights. To solve this I needed to add
2 padding to the input box, which broke firefox.
The solution
Conditional comments were the key to solving this bug. By setting the padding to 1px in the css stylesheet (fixing firefox) i could add a conditional comment to make IE render the same box with 2px padding, solving the problem.
In the header of the document:
1 2 3 4 5 6 | <!--[if IE]>
<style>
#searchbox input{padding:2px;}
#searchbox input.button{padding:0;}
</style>
<![endif]--> |
(check back in a few weeks, I will be covering conditional comments in more detail in a future post).
Despite this there is still a problem, as the boxes are not equal height in opera, as of yet I have not been able to solve this as I cannot find a hack for opera that works well. If you know one, please leave a comment.
Bug conclusion
Difficulty rating: 3/10 Annoyance factor: 7/10
Bug #3 – accessible forms
I was quite disappointed when I found this bug, as I thought my forms were perfect. Well it seems IE has a nasty quirk concerning field set backgrounds.
In firefox and other standard compliant browsers, the field set background goes up to the border, as it should.
In internet explorer the field set background breaks out of the border to fill the legend (the label for the field set) too, making it very difficult to make the forms look the same between browsers.
The code
CSS:
1 2 | #commonform fieldset {margin-top:16px; background-color:#fff; border:1px solid #8FA7C2; padding:16px;} #commonform legend {margin:0; font-weight:bold; border-bottom:1px solid #dbdbdb; color:#7191B0; font-size:1.2em; background:#efefef url(images/bits2.png) repeat-x} |
HTML
1 2 | <fieldset> <legend>Your Contact Details</legend>...etc |
The solution
To fix the problem in IE, I found that the only way was to position the legend absolutely to the relatively positioned field set, essentially breaking it from the flow so the background wouldn’t fill the legends area. The code is quite fiddly to get right, and only works in IE, therefore conditional comments come in handy once again.
1 2 3 4 5 6 | <!--[if IE]>
<style>
#commonform fieldset {margin:0; margin-bottom:16px; <strong>position:relative ;</strong> background-color:#fff; border:1px solid #8FA7C2; padding:16px;}
#commonform legend {<strong>position:absolute;</strong> margin-top:-26px; font-weight:bold; border-bottom:1px solid #dbdbdb; color:#7191B0; font-size:1.2em; background:#efefef url(images/bits2.png) repeat-x}
</style>
<![endif]--> |
Bug conclusion
Difficulty rating: 8/10 Annoyance factor: 8/10
Bug #4 – Safari wrap bug
This was a quick bug I found with my navbar. My navbar is essentially just an inline list with padding above and below. Its width is set with display:block;.
The problem
Safari would break the list, causing the last item to wrap, breaking the layout.
The solution
Simply adding white-space:nowrap; to the navigation container solved the issue.
Bug conclusion
Difficulty rating: 1/10 Annoyance factor: 1/10
Bug #5 – Internet explorer making content disappear a.k.a peek-a-boo bug
I’m not sure if this was the peek-a-boo bug for sure, but strangely it also happened in IE7, which is a bit of a downer considering they were supposed to fix it!
Anyway what happened is that sometimes when scrolling content would randomly vanish, also background images would disappear revealing the background colour of the page.
This bug probably took the longest to fix, simply because I hadn’t encountered it before.
The fix
I found a fix by searching, and it seemed rather odd to me, but somehow it worked. It was called the holly hack, and applied a height of 1% to the box with the problem in IE, causing the background to fill the box correctly. Hoorah.
1 2 3 | /* \*/ * html .block {height:1%}; /* */ |
Note that the rule after this hack can be ignored, so it is best to insert a dummy rule afterwards e.g. *{margin:0;}.
Bug conclusion
Difficulty rating: 6/10 Annoyance factor: 10/10
Bug #6 – Image/background image positioning bug
My banner image is actually two images, one background (the sunburst), and the logo. The logo is just inserted inside a div
with padding to make it taller. It also has a background image using the css:
1 | background:#557799 url(images/burst.png) repeat left bottom; |
In firefox the image lines up perfectly, however IE looks like the background image is not aligned to the bottom left perfectly, and is shifted slightly.
The fix
By adding a conditional comment to add negative margins to my logo, I can line the image up manually so it works in both browsers.
1 2 3 4 5 | <!--[if IE]>
<style>
#header img{position:relative;margin-bottom:-4px;}
</style>
<![endif]--> |
Bug conclusion
Difficulty rating: 5/10 Annoyance factor: 7/10
Bug #7 – Doubled margins bug
If you are a coder there’s a 99% chance you have encountered this bug before.
For some reason IE doubles the margins of floated elements, this is do to a bug in the engine.
The fix
This ones easy, just add display:inline to the floated element!
Bug conclusion
Difficulty rating: 1/10 Annoyance factor: 2/10
Bug #8 – Box model
Like the above bug, this is probably the most common IE bugs encountered due to the fact IE 5 renders the box model differently to standards based browsers.
To put it simply, standards browsers render the width of a div with the width + the padding, whereas IE 5 renders the width of a div with the set width – the padding.
So for standards browsers, if you wanted a box 200px wide with a 10px padding left and right, you would set:
width: 180px; padding:10px;
But IE would show the box just as 180px wide, not 200px (width + padding).
The solution
There are many solutions to this common problem, such as conditional comments again. However I chose to use a simple box model hack to fix this problem. The code for the hack looks like this:
1 2 3 4 5 | * html #box { width: 200px; w\idth: 180px; } |
The * html makes this rule visible to only Internet Explorer. However this is not enough since the rules contained would be visible to all versions of IE, including IE 6 which doesn’t have the problem. This is where the backslash comes into play. The code with the backslash rule is not seen by IE 5, but is by IE 6, meaning we can set the value for old versions, then reset for IE6.
1 2 3 4 5 | * html #box /*Rules for IE only*/ { width: 260px; /*rule for IE 5 and below*/ w\idth: 228px; /*Rule for IE 6*/ } |
Bug conclusion
Difficulty rating: 4/10 Annoyance factor: 8/10
Bug #9 – Inline list of items
This one drove me mad, I found this later on in testing IE 6, when I thought I was done.
It seemed that my list for post options (read more, comments, digg etc) would wrap partly around, leaving behind the background items and half the text.
The icons were done by adding a background image to the span of text, with a padding-left. This was to make the icon centred next to the text correctly.
To fix this I tried white-space:nowrap to the spans, this stopped the text from breaking up, but still left the icon behind. I think this was do to the padding staying where the box wrapped from, and not from its new position.
The fix? I ended up having to surround the spans with the background image icons, with a second span that had position:relative; so that the padding of the contained span would be relative to the new position. I called the outer span ‘wrapper’.
1 2 3 | .wrapper{ display: inline; white-space:nowrap; position:relative; } |
Bug conclusion
Difficulty rating: 7/10 Annoyance factor: 9/10
Complications of my fix
It seems that, whilst working in IE 6, this fix made my icons overlap the text in IE 5/5.5, so to rectify this I added a conditional comment that targets IE 5 only, to give the span with the image a large width, making it display without overlap. It doesent look the same, however it makes it useable so is a good solution.
The code below is what i used, note the ‘lte’ before the version of IE, this means ‘less than or equal to’.
1 2 3 4 5 | <!--[if lte IE 5.5000]>
<style>
.moretext{padding-left:32px;width:200px;}
</style>
<![endif]--> |
Bug conclusion
Difficulty rating: 8/10 Annoyance factor: 10/10
And so you have it, if you took the time to read this you will understand why it was all so frustrating, but in the end it was worth it.
If you have any improved solutions to any of these bugs, or your own bugs and solutions, feel free to post them as a comment,
I’m always willing to learn from others!
If you spot any bugs feel free to tell me, just note it may make my head implode!